Controlled Release Behaviors of Tribenuron Methyl Herbicide and Potassium Nitrate Fertilizer from Natural Polymer Blended Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogel Microspheres
- 1 Polymer Research Lab., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mosul, Iraq
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247 667, India
Abstract
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) hydrogel microspheres for controlled release of fertilizer (KNO3) and Tribenuron Methyl Herbicide (TBM) were prepared by blending the naturally occurring Alginate (AL) and Pectin (PE). The cross-linking in PVA hydrogel microspheres was carried out by varying the amount of glutaraldehyde from 0.5-1.0 wt%. To control the loading and release properties of PVA hydrogel microspheres, a small amount of NaCl (0.2 wt%) was also added in formulation of microspheres. The blending of PE and AL in PVA hydrogel microspheres was confirmed with FT-IR spectra and by increased thermal stability PVA hydrogel as determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The PVA hydrogel microspheres were characterized for degree of swelling and for loading and cumulative release of fertilizer (KNO3) and herbicide (TBM), which were carried out in solutions of different pH and at different temperatures. The Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) of PVA hydrogel microspheres were recorded before and after the release of loaded agrochemicals and used to confirm the shape and homogeneous blending of PE/AL in PVA hydrogels. The enhanced brittle morphology form SEM images of PVA hydrogel microspheres after the release of loaded agrochemicals has suggested the controlled release of agrochemicals through a mechanism of degradation of polymer chains. Thus natural polymer blended PVA hydrogel microspheres are found to be a potential candidate for the formulation of controlled release systems for the application of agrochemicals in soils and to overcome the environmental problem, which usually encountered on applications of fertilizers and herbicides in agricultural fields by conventional methods.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2019.162.181
Copyright: © 2019 Fawzi Habeeb Jabrail, Wajeeh Mohammed Jamil, Maher Zeki Elsabee and Kailash Chandra Gupta. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- 3,943 Views
- 1,854 Downloads
- 2 Citations
Download
Keywords
- Agrochemicals
- Controlled Release
- Polyvinyl Alcohol
- Hydrogels
- Pectin and Alginate