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Frequency: Quarterly
ISSN: 1608-4217 (Print)
ISSN: 2410-8561 (Online)
Research Article Open Access

Wastewater Treatment Using Organic By-Products from Agroindustry: A Case Study in the District of Valera, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru

Eli Morales-Rojas1,2, Sayda Karina García Caro3, Jesús Rascón4, Edwin Adolfo Diaz3, José Marchena5, Ítalo Maldonado Ramírez1, Roberto Santa Cruz Acosta1, Pompeyo Ferro6, Euclides Ticona6, Edita Fernández6, Lily Juarez-Contreras4, Cesar Balcazar-Zumaeta7, Carlos Máximo Gonzales Añorga8 and Fredy Velayarce Vallejos1
  • 1 Institute for Research in Information and Communication Technologies (IITIC), Faculty of Systems Engineering and Electrical Mechanics, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Jr. Libertad 1300, Bagua 01721, Amazonas, Peru
  • 2 Research Group “Industrial Biosystems Development and Waste Valorization” (DEBIVRE), Faculty of Systems Engineering and Electrical Mechanics, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Jr. Libertad 1300, Bagua 01721, Amazonas, Peru
  • 3 Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
  • 4 Research Institute for Sustainable Development of Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
  • 5 Vertebrate Zoology Laboratory, Professional School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Piura, Piura, Peru
  • 6 Professional School of Biotechnology, Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, Jr. Ancash 520, Bagua, Amazonas, Peru
  • 7 Institute for Research, Innovation and Development for the Agricultural and Agroindustrial Sector (IIDAA), Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
  • 8 Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, Peru

Abstract

This research evaluates the use of two types of coagulants based on organic by-products (orange and passion fruit) in wastewater (RA) treatment. The system was composed of glass tanks installed in parallel. The coagulants were elaborated and applied in aqueous solution and in powder form, and 7 physicochemical and microbiological parameters were also analyzed. Data analysis was performed using a Student's t-test to compare significant differences. The results indicate significant differences for Total Solids (TS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Coliforms (TC). The highest efficiency was for pH 13.884 % with the application of orange powder coagulant. As well as for oils and fats 81.102 and 65.354 % for orange and passion fruit powder coagulants. Finally, it was concluded that the coagulants were efficient for some parameters and that these depend on the type of application; therefore, future projects should be promoted to evaluate the viability of using by-products from agroindustry for water treatment and to avoid environmental contamination by these wastes.

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences
Volume 26 No. 2, 2026, 040

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.02.040

Submitted On: 20 July 2025 Published On: 2 July 2026

How to Cite: Morales-Rojas, E., Caro, S. K. G., Rascón, J., Diaz, E. A., Marchena, J., Ramírez, �. M., Acosta, R. S. C., Ferro, P., Ticona, E., Fernández, E., Juarez-Contreras, L., Balcazar-Zumaeta, C., Añorga, C. M. G. & Vallejos, F. V. (2026). Wastewater Treatment Using Organic By-Products from Agroindustry: A Case Study in the District of Valera, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 26(2), 40-1. https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.02.040

Open AccessCopyright: © 2026 Eli Morales-Rojas, Sayda Karina García Caro, Jesús Rascón, Edwin Adolfo Diaz, José Marchena, Ítalo Maldonado Ramírez, Roberto Santa Cruz Acosta, Pompeyo Ferro, Euclides Ticona, Edita Fernández, Lily Juarez-Contreras, Cesar Balcazar-Zumaeta, Carlos Máximo Gonzales Añorga and Fredy Velayarce Vallejos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Keywords

  • Ecosystem
  • Fish Pond Storage
  • Inert
  • Gas
  • Preservation Natural Coagulants
  • Orange Peel
  • Passion Fruit Peel
  • Amazon